KDA 钱包开发详细教程

一. KDA 简介

“KDA链”指的是Kadena（KDA）区块链平台。Kadena是一个基于区块链技术的高性能智能合约平台，旨在提供安全、高效和可扩展的区块链解决方案。Kadena项目由Stuart Popejoy和Will Martino于2016年创立，他们曾在摩根大通工作，并参与了JPMorgan的区块链项目Juno的开发。

1.主要特性和功能

Pact智能合约语言： Kadena使用一种名为Pact的智能合约语言，它强调安全性和易用性。Pact支持正式验证（Formal Verification），这意味着开发者可以数学上证明合约的正确性，从而减少漏洞和错误。
Chainweb并行共识机制： Kadena采用一种独特的共识机制称为Chainweb，这是一种并行化的工作量证明（PoW）共识协议。通过将多个独立的链并行运行并定期交叉链接，Chainweb能够实现高吞吐量和可扩展性。
可扩展性和高性能： Kadena设计旨在解决传统区块链在扩展性方面的瓶颈。通过Chainweb架构，它能够在保持去中心化和安全性的同时，实现大规模扩展和高交易处理速度。
混合区块链架构： Kadena提供公共链和私有链的解决方案，允许企业在私有链上运行内部应用，同时利用公共链进行更广泛的交互和验证。
可编程性和互操作性： Pact智能合约支持模块化编程和互操作性，开发者可以方便地创建和连接不同的区块链应用。

2.核心组件

公共链（Public Chain）： Kadena的公共链是一个去中心化的区块链网络，适用于广泛的公共和商业应用。
私有链（Private Chain）： Kadena的私有链解决方案为企业提供了一个安全、可控的区块链环境，适合处理敏感数据和内部业务流程。
KDA代币： KDA 是 Kadena区块链的原生加密货币，用于支付交易费用、激励矿工以及参与平台治理。

3.Kadena（KDA）的 Chainweb 共识机制

Kadena（KDA）采用一种独特的共识算法称为 Chainweb，这是一个并行化的工作量证明（Proof of Work, PoW）共识协议。Chainweb设计的目标是提高区块链的吞吐量和可扩展性，同时保持去中心化和安全性。

并行链（Parallel Chains）： Chainweb 架构由多条并行运行的链组成，每条链都有自己的区块和哈希链。
交叉链接（Cross-Chain Links）： 这些并行链定期通过交叉链接进行连接和同步。每个区块不仅包含自己的前区块的哈希，还包含来自其他并行链的区块哈希。这些交叉链接提供了一种机制，使得整个网络能够协调一致地进行共识。
工作量证明（PoW）： 和传统的 PoW 一样，矿工通过解决复杂的数学问题来挖掘区块，并获得奖励。Chainweb在此基础上，通过多个链并行工作，使得网络整体上能够处理更多的交易。

3.1.运行机制

独立挖矿： 每条链上的区块独立挖矿。矿工选择一条链并尝试挖掘下一个区块，这个过程与传统的PoW相似。
区块验证： 每个新生成的区块除了包含自己的交易记录和前区块的哈希，还包括与其交叉链接的其他链的最新区块的哈希。这样，验证一个区块不仅需要验证其自身的PoW，还需要验证其交叉链接的区块。
全网共识： 通过交叉链接，Chainweb 架构保证了所有并行链之间的共识。即使某一条链出现分叉，其他链的状态也能通过交叉链接进行验证和同步，从而维持整个网络的一致性。

3.2.优势

高吞吐量： 由于多个链并行运行，Chainweb 架构能够显著提高交易处理速度，增强区块链的吞吐量。
高可扩展性： 新链可以根据需要添加到网络中，从而进一步提高系统的处理能力。这种设计使得 Kadena 能够扩展以满足更大的交易需求。
安全性： 通过交叉链接，Chainweb 提供了额外的安全层。攻击者需要同时攻击多个并行链，增加了攻击的难度和成本。
去中心化： Chainweb 保持了 PoW 机制的去中心化特性，避免了集中化风险。

3.3.比较与传统 PoW

传统 PoW： 比特币等传统 PoW 网络依赖单条链进行共识，处理能力受限于单链的区块生成速度和大小。
Chainweb： 通过并行链和交叉链接，Chainweb 突破了单链的限制，能够并行处理大量交易，同时保持去中心化和安全性。

二. KDA 离线地址生成

export function createKdaAddress (seedHex: string, addressIndex: string) {
    const { key } = derivePath("m/44'/626'/0'/0'" + addressIndex + "'", seedHex);
    const publicKey = getPublicKey(new Uint8Array(key), false).toString('hex');
    const hdWallet = {
        privateKey: key.toString('hex') + publicKey,
        publicKey,
        address: "k:" + publicKey
    };
    return JSON.stringify(hdWallet);
}

export function pubKeyToAddress(params: any): string {
    const { pubKey } = params;
    return "k:" + pubKey
}

三. KDA 离线签名

export async function signTransaction(params) {
    const {
        txObj: { toPub, from, to, amount, chainId, targetChainId, gasPrice, gasLimit, decimal, spv, pactId },
        network,
        privs
    } = params;
    const decimals = new BigNumber(10).pow(Number(decimal));
    const amountBig = new BigNumber(amount).times(decimals);
    if (amountBig.toString().indexOf(".") !== -1 || amountBig.comparedTo(new BigNumber(MAX_AMOUNT_SAFE)) > 0 || amountBig.comparedTo(new BigNumber(0)) <= 0) {
        throw new Error(`参数错误: 转账数额无效(${amountBig.toString()})`);
    }
    if (chains.indexOf(chainId.toString()) === -1) {
        throw new Error(`chainId 错误, 请选择 0 到 19`);
    }
    if (chains.indexOf(targetChainId.toString()) === -1) {
        throw new Error(`targetChainId 错误, 请选择 0 到 19`);
    }
    if (!privs || privs.length === 0) {
        throw new Error('must have private key');
    }
    let keypair = nacl.sign.keyPair.fromSecretKey(new Uint8Array(Buffer.from(privs[0].key, 'hex')));
    const sendPublickey = Buffer.from(keypair.publicKey).toString("hex");
    const privateKey = privs?.[0]?.key.length === 64 ? privs?.[0]?.key : privs?.[0]?.key.slice(0, 64);
    const networkId = network === "main_net" ? 'mainnet01' : 'testnet04';
    if (chainId === targetChainId) {
        let method = 'transferOffline';
        if (toPub && toPub.length === 64) {
            method = 'transferCreateOffline';
        }
        const params = {
            SignObj: {
                sender: from,
                senderPubKey: sendPublickey,
                senderSecretKey: privateKey,
                receiver: to,
                receiverPubKey: toPub,
                amount: amount,
                chainId: chainId.toString(),
                targetChainId: targetChainId.toString(),
                networkId: networkId,
                gasPrice: Number(gasPrice),
                gasLimit: gasLimit,
                spv: "",
                pactId: "",
            },
            method: method,
        }
        return JSON.stringify(CreateOfflineSignTx(params))
    } else {
        const params = {
            SignObj: {
                sender: from,
                senderPubKey: sendPublickey,
                senderSecretKey: privateKey,
                receiver: to,
                receiverPubKey: toPub,
                amount: amount,
                chainId: chainId.toString(),
                targetChainId: targetChainId.toString(),
                networkId: networkId,
                gasPrice: Number(gasPrice),
                gasLimit: gasLimit,
                spv: spv,
                pactId: pactId,
            },
            method: 'crossTransferOffline',
        }
        return JSON.stringify(CreateOfflineSignTx(params))
    }
}

注意：若代码不完整，付费学员可以联系 The Web3 社区寻求完整代码

四. KDA 钱包对接相关接口

1.获取账户余额

接口作用：获取账户余额
接口参数构造 python 代码示范

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import json
from hashlib import blake2b
from base64 import b64encode
from datetime import datetime
import calendar

def hashbin(s):
    if not isinstance(s, bytes):
        s = s.encode('utf8')
    i = blake2b(digest_size=32)
    i.update(s)
    return i.digest()

def hash_blake(s):
    return b64encode(hashbin(s))


def str_to_timestamp(s):
    s = s[:19]
    dt = datetime.strptime(s, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S').timetuple()
    return int(calendar.timegm(dt))


def assemble_balance_payload(account):
    payload = {
        "exec": {
            "data": None,
            "code": "(coin.get-balance \"{}\")".format(account)
        }
    }
    signers = []

    nonce = datetime.utcnow()
    targe_nonce = str(nonce.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f UTC'))
    creation_time = str_to_timestamp(targe_nonce)
    meta = {
        "creationTime": creation_time,
        "ttl": 1800,
        "gasLimit": 1000,
        "chainId": "",
        "gasPrice": 1.0e-2,
        "sender": ""
    }

    cmd = {
        "networkId": "mainnet01",
        "payload": payload,
        "signers": signers,
        "meta": meta,
        "nonce": targe_nonce
    }
    cmd_str = json.dumps(cmd, separators=(',', ':'))
    hash_str = hash_blake(cmd_str)
    tx_hash = hash_str.decode().replace('+', '-').replace('/', '_').replace('=', '')

    raw_transaction = {
        "hash": tx_hash,
    }
    raw_transaction["sigs"] = []
    raw_transaction["cmd"] = json.dumps(cmd, separators=(',', ':'))
    return json.dumps(raw_transaction, separators=(',', ':'))


print(assemble_balance_payload("k:259e184f5c7cecf261063dd298e250b2303cf896a3d6705eedd35cc8b97cee9b"))

请求示范

curl --location 'https://api.chainweb.com/chainweb/0.0/mainnet01/chain/2/pact/api/v1/local' \
--header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
--data '{"hash":"2I4-ePSHkVU6L9YZqK6nbN-ez02gCkdtXTwzZllwpAM","sigs":[],"cmd":"{\"networkId\":\"mainnet01\",\"payload\":{\"exec\":{\"data\":null,\"code\":\"(coin.get-balance \\\"k:259e184f5c7cecf261063dd298e250b2303cf896a3d6705eedd35cc8b97cee9b\\\")\"}},\"signers\":[],\"meta\":{\"creationTime\":1717726460,\"ttl\":1800,\"gasLimit\":1000,\"chainId\":\"\",\"gasPrice\":0.01,\"sender\":\"\"},\"nonce\":\"2024-06-07 02:14:20.222256 UTC\"}"}
'

返回值

{
    "gas": 20,
    "result": {
        "status": "success",
        "data": 1.459869
    },
    "reqKey": "2I4-ePSHkVU6L9YZqK6nbN-ez02gCkdtXTwzZllwpAM",
    "logs": "wsATyGqckuIvlm89hhd2j4t6RMkCrcwJe_oeCYr7Th8",
    "metaData": {
        "publicMeta": {
            "creationTime": 1717726460,
            "ttl": 1800,
            "gasLimit": 1000,
            "chainId": "",
            "gasPrice": 1.0e-2,
            "sender": ""
        },
        "blockTime": 1717103631588214,
        "prevBlockHash": "bE0BbAubTPj9bMbODafRRlvYvuo-r-0WAVzlakDMHbM",
        "blockHeight": 4821734
    },
    "continuation": null,
    "txId": null
}

data 为账户余额

2.获取 SPV

接口作用：获取跨链交易需要使用的 SPV
接口参数： requestKey：源链交易 Hash targetChainId 目标链 ID
请求示范

curl --location 'https://api.chainweb.com/chainweb/0.0/mainnet01/chain/2/pact/spv' \
--header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
--data '{
  "requestKey": "POfJqi3iIEoX8vo8CWvAxtJUQvMA3OfyRWYTDSFuU4Q",
  "targetChainId": "1"
}'

返回值

"eyJjaGFpbiI6MSwib2JqZWN0IjoiQUFBQUVBQUFBQUFBQUFBQkFMLVBJNHJHaEp3OXF2MkN2bUdhX0stcmkzU2tmQ3NCLXlfbW5QeGl0aEdlQU9RaExvVl84MkRiUEphV3JNLU5YVGJwSXgtWVBnLXM5WlpzTlk3enp2X1dBVjhtRkcyc1RyVVN5bGVzVmlqWUxVVmFWSE1wbE1zRlhPRHRyTGNYOVdxbkFjSDBXOTREU1RyUVd0MEZ2LXh5ZDVOWWRTUHQ4M21vNjdvOGdHaTVoQXBpQUJubGVSMFFtcG5BSzl0YkJERHl3emNhVE9MUmNMWmE2N25TNUJlbUt4THdBU1ZmOU55ZFlDVGZncXNhZUYzdTliVk1uMDN3ajljbGtsOFF0NU1PY0ZueUFBVXQtTXNGOWdpNDI5TmFVVDBzMm9wWDFWdGlUQV8yX0dfLUI1VzJDQUpkQUFmclBwUm5FbDJiSkh6VWc5SFJiS3RyNnZzOUkxYnpkWHdyWGc2elJjTGJBYkhMNkhEVEJOcDREUVJsWEZ4UGwwb3A3TlBFYVJKc1Z5NXdNSkV3Sm5TY0FCOTV5cWFNeDZnXzNQNlRGZW9zYlZEZmtQU2F1elptVGZMc2pfWVlsU3lsQU5KMFBjVmFvaUxZd3ZwbG1md1hHdWxkZUpHMUJiZjV5Z0xIUExLRFF1bGpBT0ItdGhMVHM1TlpvckVJMGMwR3ZXQ01uaVVrMmJWbEI5dmJBTXlBLWlLOEFMdmdSZlA2ejJaVVRpczVBd2hUX1ZQYnUzNGRLckJEVVNYX0tueWg2ZzRuQURtZnQwMGtBUUpMT3luSzZEZWJoLXNjck9NaFYyX25qN3cyMU5SWnRYVXJBTVJoNlBDdXd2TmQyVzZFY2prcHZMMkdzMjFMQlBkM1NNMEt1bE1EcDRUVUFMbnRUcnNHNjJDaWI3X1RteG1WbDNPczRxMnBjeER3UzA3YVZIOWtwandCIiwic3ViamVjdCI6eyJpbnB1dCI6IkFCUjdJbWRoY3lJNk5qQXdMQ0p5WlhOMWJIUWlPbnNpYzNSaGRIVnpJam9pWm1GcGJIVnlaU0lzSW1WeWNtOXlJanA3SW1OaGJHeFRkR0ZqYXlJNlcxMHNJblI1Y0dVaU9pSkhZWE5GY25KdmNpSXNJbTFsYzNOaFoyVWlPaUpIWVhNZ2JHbHRhWFFnS0RZd01Da2daWGhqWldWa1pXUTZJRFl4T0NJc0ltbHVabThpT2lJaWZYMHNJbkpsY1V0bGVTSTZJbEJQWmtweGFUTnBTVVZ2V0RoMmJ6aERWM1pCZUhSS1ZWRjJUVUV6VDJaNVVsZFpWRVJUUm5WVk5GRWlMQ0pzYjJkeklqb2lVMng0TVZsSWVIaDBiMWxTVVUxUVFVUTNPRFp0UTBNMmVFSnVkM05FTjNsUU0xY3RZMHhsV0V4cU1DSXNJbVYyWlc1MGN5STZXM3NpY0dGeVlXMXpJanBiSW1zNk1qVTVaVEU0TkdZMVl6ZGpaV05tTWpZeE1EWXpaR1F5T1RobE1qVXdZakl6TUROalpqZzVObUV6WkRZM01EVmxaV1JrTXpWall6aGlPVGRqWldVNVlpSXNJams1WTJJM01EQTRaRGRrTnpCak9UUm1NVE00WTJNek5qWmhPREkxWmpCa09XTTRNMkU0WVRKbU5HSmhPREpqT0Raak5qWTJaVEJoWWpabVpXTm1NMkVpTERZdU1HVXRNbDBzSW01aGJXVWlPaUpVVWtGT1UwWkZVaUlzSW0xdlpIVnNaU0k2ZXlKdVlXMWxjM0JoWTJVaU9tNTFiR3dzSW01aGJXVWlPaUpqYjJsdUluMHNJbTF2WkhWc1pVaGhjMmdpT2lKcmJFWnJja3htY0hsTVZ5MU5NM2hxVmxCVFpIRllSVTFuZUZCUVNtbGlVblJmUkRaeGFVSjNjelp6SW4xZExDSnRaWFJoUkdGMFlTSTZiblZzYkN3aVkyOXVkR2x1ZFdGMGFXOXVJanB1ZFd4c0xDSjBlRWxrSWpwdWRXeHNmUSJ9LCJhbGdvcml0aG0iOiJTSEE1MTJ0XzI1NiJ9"

返回值即为 spv, 用户签名跨链交易发送到目标链上

3.获取各条链的最新块高

接口作用：获取 10 条链的块高
请求参数：无
请求示范

curl --location 'https://api.chainweb.com/chainweb/0.0/mainnet01/cut'

返回值

{
    "hashes": {
        "17": {
            "height": 4841223,
            "hash": "8pQ-3FO29fK-rY8ba6L7xRzOPXSYwsW0Aeva_vsarM0"
        },
        "16": {
            "height": 4841224,
            "hash": "CWk5WWEkO8UTKjRzSuGUd9aRDYLTrGAfQnQ_MpJKrdA"
        },
        "19": {
            "height": 4841224,
            "hash": "rX8tLNp5lfhjBgNw3-HJGBu5NNtP8wSwZm3DLSlKE1Y"
        },
        "18": {
            "height": 4841224,
            "hash": "oLbJGcbKjM9HTVrKRpXwnQ8ievPyQjjYVe6JHQMf9U8"
        },
        "5": {
            "height": 4841223,
            "hash": "jThvZbClD2ye686iEjFY2oiFokbkbKOS8wRnE0LAyDg"
        },
        "4": {
            "height": 4841223,
            "hash": "ENJFCjL_1Yp0Iu9J3nd-qQpn9bRRei_jVIQ6hQewUqQ"
        },
        "7": {
            "height": 4841223,
            "hash": "B07c5QthGdvoLqE9Y59YmVrzslwViDZwF-jGz_5O2Ws"
        },
        "6": {
            "height": 4841224,
            "hash": "2uEikksdlPehPMfSXnfWmGMvIVnr3VvAHNt2DMqMFCc"
        },
        "1": {
            "height": 4841224,
            "hash": "g9gP4wqPPylvOCKEsdaOwnj0asA9VFkQF-zFuT2dZBY"
        },
        "0": {
            "height": 4841222,
            "hash": "RmsCuFPPPPs8NQ7u7LMR4Q_LUVklz35JILGp00PMeNg"
        },
        "3": {
            "height": 4841224,
            "hash": "G1YGper1Nwuv7orbZC2WaLopaPt1g3Qzn3kgeXE--P8"
        },
        "2": {
            "height": 4841223,
            "hash": "nsXjqewBt1fyMUovlqZ0e7PIRu8eoqvR08QDsynJf_g"
        },
        "13": {
            "height": 4841223,
            "hash": "3kVa-MelRan6U6ykEytgTpMHDPQz3zSPa5N1HepEJxQ"
        },
        "12": {
            "height": 4841224,
            "hash": "q-h33GYgEUVpFLAmBvf3eMF_iu4pmeEjHkoYMI27Nus"
        },
        "15": {
            "height": 4841223,
            "hash": "x3GOSps1hUopLPazZsrAHamvvkyw_aHJEBXGoxo7Dnk"
        },
        "14": {
            "height": 4841222,
            "hash": "Nq34vAcyzUh528914_g64gWx5crV8Py-NhResg9S-2U"
        },
        "9": {
            "height": 4841223,
            "hash": "uNZgb8dTzYrDZisAkLkoe2M8aD40E6pnhh8KbekZCOI"
        },
        "8": {
            "height": 4841223,
            "hash": "QJyADFef-9mk9wHCprRVDaw1JAaD70-BIWDw0gUbozU"
        },
        "11": {
            "height": 4841224,
            "hash": "e_utLD8zc1kGaLWDcVOIqbD_HIszEGzTa4i89jNarB4"
        },
        "10": {
            "height": 4841223,
            "hash": "DWjkLhp2Ql3rDuHA0r5yd6ji7jHp1ZZAMzErPA-ve7g"
        }
    },
    "origin": null,
    "weight": "5rRNkAj_c03zfRcAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA",
    "height": 96824466,
    "instance": "mainnet01",
    "id": "X7QnBOavHldNR3GPlJgQ3DZq5C_PyIjIhlnX212jPPE"
}

height：最新块高
hash：区块 Hash
height 和 hash 前面的数字是链的标号

4.根据块高获取块信息

接口作用：根据块高获取块信息
参数： minheight：起始区块 maxheight：结束区块
请求示范

curl --location 'https://api.chainweb.com/chainweb/0.0/mainnet01/chain/15/header?minheight=4841250&maxheight=4841250'

返回值

{
    "limit": 2,
    "items": [
        "AAAAAAAAAADN4aO8OhoGAOBzcvf5wbn8rH8ZCxqeb4TKlOzccJXCnFMKe5aZgSnjAwAAAAAAGw4ykoZXsXlRGOkKc4fMD_0nB7K_J-wNfkI00WJyQBwOAAAAQ44Ls8M9WyUK1eRNhKcrbCaT1mDvhiMO-vtn8TLz0OAQAAAAz4vkS4PDBpMYWuUeSll4xLaH_xOBWNheawlHmeJfFvQENyJen40iRX2wyr2O_0dbSp4vqECmLFUOAAAAAAAAALtu3jpxRJ8BxPj0a_uT3vfIJc1oXF6c2YLfz0vQVRGQDwAAAIYiESH39Z_5qCwBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIt9JAAAAAAAFAAAAuQz4FzoaBgCON9nm9rGPmKLtKYIyIgQUZnsku_r99c7nyMf5ccHVK-vG8LGXzMwp",
        "AAAAAAAAAADTpay8OhoGAOBzcvf5wbn8rH8ZCxqeb4TKlOzccJXCnFMKe5aZgSnjAwAAAAAAGw4ykoZXsXlRGOkKc4fMD_0nB7K_J-wNfkI00WJyQBwOAAAAQ44Ls8M9WyUK1eRNhKcrbCaT1mDvhiMO-vtn8TLz0OAQAAAAz4vkS4PDBpMYWuUeSll4xLaH_xOBWNheawlHmeJfFvQENyJen40iRX2wyr2O_0dbSp4vqECmLFUOAAAAAAAAANNH3pUUkZL8iQkYg0ar5mUjvmg0hAjPjgW-Fir0kDpBDwAAAIYiESH39Z_5qCwBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIt9JAAAAAAAFAAAAuQz4FzoaBgAPbU8qDExYIu77NSBtjkJdLVYYPKuobJLHS8v-Fo6ZbjkiTqhgmR8c"
    ],
    "next": "exclusive:7vs1IG2OQl0tVhg8q6hsksdLy_4WjpluOSJOqGCZHxw"
}

Item 里面的 190 到 222 取出来之后做 base64 编码之后为 Payload Hash

5.根据 payload hash 获取交易详情

接口作用：根据 payload hash 获取交易详情
接口参数：payload hash
请求示范

curl --location 'https://api.chainweb.com/chainweb/0.0/mainnet01/chain/15/payload/u27eOnFEnwHE-PRr-5Pe98glzWhcXpzZgt_PS9BVEZA/outputs'

返回值

{
    "transactions": [
        [
            "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",
            "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"
        ],
        [
            "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",
            "eyJnYXMiOjQzMywicmVzdWx0Ijp7InN0YXR1cyI6InN1Y2Nlc3MiLCJkYXRhIjoiV3JpdGUgc3VjY2VlZGVkIn0sInJlcUtleSI6IjJTMzNpeU9RN0EzQ3psTlJhQS1jaENJZUpNQndaNWczc3FpQWFfLVdnLTgiLCJsb2dzIjoiZ3R3ZERZaHRvM2NQZDJQLXo1NHR0MGxYTlN4WW93d3lBX210TlJqTGszZyIsImV2ZW50cyI6W3sicGFyYW1zIjpbIms6NWFkYjE2NjYzMDczMjgwYWNmNjNiYzJhNGJmNDc3YWQxMzkxNzM2ZGNkNjIxN2IwOTQ5MjY4NjJjNzJkMTVjOSIsIms6MjUxZWZiMDZmM2I3OThkYmU3YmIzZjU4ZjUzNWI2N2IwYTllZDJkYTlhYTRlMjM2N2JlNGFiYzA3Y2M5MjdmYSIsNC4zM2UtNl0sIm5hbWUiOiJUUkFOU0ZFUiIsIm1vZHVsZSI6eyJuYW1lc3BhY2UiOm51bGwsIm5hbWUiOiJjb2luIn0sIm1vZHVsZUhhc2giOiJrbEZrckxmcHlMVy1NM3hqVlBTZHFYRU1neFBQSmliUnRfRDZxaUJ3czZzIn1dLCJtZXRhRGF0YSI6bnVsbCwiY29udGludWF0aW9uIjpudWxsLCJ0eElkIjo0NDEwNzI3fQ"
        ]
    ],
    "minerData": "eyJhY2NvdW50IjoiazoyNTFlZmIwNmYzYjc5OGRiZTdiYjNmNThmNTM1YjY3YjBhOWVkMmRhOWFhNGUyMzY3YmU0YWJjMDdjYzkyN2ZhIiwicHJlZGljYXRlIjoia2V5cy1hbGwiLCJwdWJsaWMta2V5cyI6WyIyNTFlZmIwNmYzYjc5OGRiZTdiYjNmNThmNTM1YjY3YjBhOWVkMmRhOWFhNGUyMzY3YmU0YWJjMDdjYzkyN2ZhIl19",
    "transactionsHash": "2sXMEnpo9UDZRQV2ZNfhiwWYiYK98tOqRXPe6QXxkrs",
    "outputsHash": "EwbSZ1XlkLFYTRz3auf9spIrXxruVVpjvMf6-JhttQM",
    "payloadHash": "u27eOnFEnwHE-PRr-5Pe98glzWhcXpzZgt_PS9BVEZA",
    "coinbase": "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"
}

返回的接口交易解析伪代码如下

let timeStamp;
let fromAddrs: any = [];
let toAddrs: any = [];
let amounts: any = [];
const dataBuf = base64url.toBuffer(blockTxResJson.items[i]);
const payloadReq = base64url.encode(dataBuf.slice(190, 222));
const txReqOps = {
    url: config.host + `/chainweb/0.0/mainnet01/chain/${chainId}/payload/${payloadReq}/outputs`,
};
let txResOpsJson: any = await requestApi(txReqOps, true, { get: true });
for(let j =0; j < txResOpsJson.transactions.length; j++) {
    const signCmd = JSON.parse(base64url.decode(txResOpsJson.transactions[j][0]));
    const txInfo = JSON.parse(base64url.decode(txResOpsJson.transactions[j][1]));
    if (txInfo.result.status === "success" && txInfo.reqKey === txHash) {
        const payload = JSON.parse(signCmd.cmd).payload
        timeStamp = JSON.parse(signCmd.cmd).meta.creationTime
        for (let key in payload){
            if(key === "cont") {
                if (payload.cont && payload.cont.proof !== undefined && payload.cont.step !== undefined && payload.cont.step == 1) {
                    if(txInfo.continuation !== null) {
                        const transfer = txInfo.continuation.continuation
                        if (transfer.def === "coin.transfer-crosschain") {
                            fromAddrs.push(transfer.args[0])
                            toAddrs.push(transfer.args[1])
                            amounts.push(transfer.args[4].toString())
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if(key === "exec") {
                const payload_code = payload.exec.code
                const m = payload_code.match(/\((.*?) /)
                if (m.indexOf("coin.transfer-crosschain") !== -1 || m.indexOf("coin.transfer-create") !== -1 || m.indexOf("coin.transfer") !== -1) {
                    const signers = JSON.parse(signCmd.cmd).signers
                    if (signers.length === 0 || signers[0].clist.length >= 3) {
                        continue
                    }
                    for(let k = 0; k < signers[0].clist.length; k++) {
                        if (signers[0].clist[k].name === "coin.TRANSFER" || signers[0].clist[k].name === "coin.TRANSFER_XCHAIN") {
                            const transferArgs = signers[0].clist[k].args
                            if(transferArgs.length === 4 || transferArgs.length === 3) {
                                fromAddrs.push(transferArgs[0])
                                toAddrs.push(transferArgs[1])
                                let amount = transferArgs[2]
                                for (let key in transferArgs[2]){
                                    if(key === "decimal") {
                                        amount = transferArgs[2].decimal
                                    }
                                }
                                amounts.push(amount.toString())
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

fromAddress: fromAddrs ,
toAddress: toAddrs ,
amount: amounts,
timestamp: timeStamp,
confirms: lastestBlock - Number(blockHeight),

6.广播交易到区块链网络

接口作用：发送交易到区块链网络
接口参数：离线签名的交易体
请求示范

curl --location 'https://api.chainweb.com/chainweb/0.0/mainnet01/chain/2/pact/api/v1/send' \
--header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
--data '{"cmds":[{"hash":"uSOYjbztP-C1_zEZk0Gka-RTKyuozwiQWt9IskTQv1I","sigs":[{"sig":"adeb64689c43cbd3c27ff4a692803cf990433554fe4b4d379894c2f9ebc934f1689ee3df6e66416308fe4403893ecb0bf83399b71942044eec521cf01eec9809"}],"cmd":"{\"networkId\":\"mainnet01\",\"payload\":{\"exec\":{\"data\":{},\"code\":\"(coin.transfer \\\"k:259e184f5c7cecf261063dd298e250b2303cf896a3d6705eedd35cc8b97cee9b\\\" \\\"k:6a7bb957fedd2c7e14edb76e66be3c588881f121185aa5d7cb1cb436155c6164\\\" 0.01)\"}},\"signers\":[{\"clist\":[{\"name\":\"coin.TRANSFER\",\"args\":[\"k:259e184f5c7cecf261063dd298e250b2303cf896a3d6705eedd35cc8b97cee9b\",\"k:6a7bb957fedd2c7e14edb76e66be3c588881f121185aa5d7cb1cb436155c6164\",0.01]},{\"name\":\"coin.GAS\",\"args\":[]}],\"pubKey\":\"259e184f5c7cecf261063dd298e250b2303cf896a3d6705eedd35cc8b97cee9b\"}],\"meta\":{\"creationTime\":1717723428,\"ttl\":600,\"gasLimit\":600,\"chainId\":\"2\",\"gasPrice\":0.0001,\"sender\":\"k:259e184f5c7cecf261063dd298e250b2303cf896a3d6705eedd35cc8b97cee9b\"},\"nonce\":\"\\\"2024-06-07T01:24:02.801Z\\\"\"}"}]}
'

返回值

{
    "requestKeys": [
        "uSOYjbztP-C1_zEZk0Gka-RTKyuozwiQWt9IskTQv1I"
    ]
}

requestKeys：交易 Hash

五. 和钱包相关的特点总结

1.Gas 经验值

STATIC_FEE = dec('0.006')
STATIC_GAS_PRICE = dec('0.00003')

2. 跨链交易特点

KDA 整个项目由 20 条链组成，链与链之间的资产独立，可以互相跨转

跨链交易流程如下：

源链发送一笔离线签名交易
使用 RequestKey 和目标链 chainID 做为接口参数获取 spv
使用 SPV 和 PactId(RequestKey 做为 PactId )离线签名之后目标链上再发一笔交易

3. 其他特点

算法：Ed25519
代币精度：12

六. 附录

Github: https://github.com/kadena-io/
开放 API 节点：https://api.chainweb.com
浏览器：https://explorer.chainweb.com/mainnet
钱包：https://chainweaver.kadena.network/
API 文档：https://docs.kadena.io/reference/chainweb-ref
官方 docs: https://docs.kadena.io/